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No exploitation reportedFix available

CVE-2026-40342

No exploitation reported by the sources we read.

  • Published2026-04-17
  • Fixed in5.0.4 · 4.0.7 · 3.0.14
  • WeaknessCWE-22 · CWE-427 · CWE-73

Am I affected?

With a domain, we read the version its public headers and pages expose. A distribution build can carry the fix under an older number.

Description

Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.

Timeline

dates in UTC
  1. 2026-04-1720:16CVE publishedNVD

Observed activity

isMalicious corpus · updated 2026-11-04 03:37 UTC
Indicators tagged with this CVE, per day0 indicators over 7 days
Block these indicators
  • Firewall list (EDL, text): https://api.ismalicious.com/edl/cve/CVE-2026-40342?format=txt
  • CSV export: https://api.ismalicious.com/edl/cve/CVE-2026-40342?format=csv
  • TAXII collection of exploited CVEs
  • The EDL and CSV take an API key on the Pro plan.

Versions per branch

NVD
Firebirdsql firebird
BranchAffectedFixed in
5.0≥ 5.0.0, < 5.0.45.0.4
4.0≥ 4.0.0, < 4.0.74.0.7
3.0< 3.0.143.0.14

as publishedRanges as NVD and OSV publish them; a distribution’s build can be fixed under an older number.

Products declared by the CNA1 product

As GitHub_M, the CNA that assigned this CVE, declared them in the CVE record; versions as written.

  • FirebirdSQL firebird
    Affected
    • = < 3.0.14no fix stated
    • = >= 4.0.0, < 4.0.7no fix stated
    • = >= 5.0.0, < 5.0.4no fix stated

Source: the CNA record (CVE Program), © The MITRE Corporation,CVE Terms of UseCVE recordupdated 2026-04-17

Distribution builds and vendor advisories

Packages from OSV.dev and products from the vendors' CSAF advisories.

version not verifiedVersions not verified: read as OSV.dev and the vendors publish them, not checked against each vendor's release list.

Packages

  • firebirdopenEuler:24.03-LTS-SP3all versions · fixed in 4.0.7.3271-1.oe2403sp3
  • firebirdopenEuler:24.03-LTS-SP1all versions · fixed in 4.0.7.3271-1.oe2403sp1
  • firebirdopenEuler:24.03-LTSall versions · fixed in 4.0.7.3271-1.oe2403
  • firebirdopenEuler:22.03-LTS-SP4all versions · fixed in 3.0.14.33856-1.oe2203sp4
  • firebirdopenEuler:20.03-LTS-SP4all versions · fixed in 3.0.14.33856-1.oe2003sp4
  • firebird3.0Ubuntu:26.10all versions · no fixed version listedand 1 other package
  • firebird3.0Ubuntu:26.04:LTSall versions · no fixed version listedand 1 other package
  • firebird3.0Ubuntu:25.10all versions · no fixed version listedand 1 other package

9 more package ranges on OSV.dev

Full record on NVD

Fix

  1. Update Firebirdsql firebird to 5.0.4 · 4.0.7 · 3.0.14

Advisories and patches

Detection

Nuclei template
none so far
ProjectDiscovery
Exploit-DB
no entry
Exploit-DB
Proof-of-concept repositories
none listed
PoC-in-GitHub
Metasploit modules
none listed
Metasploit Framework

Sources

  • NVDCVE recordread 2026-10-27
  • CISA-ADPSSVC decisionnone2026-04-22
  • OpenCVESSVC decisionnone—
  • CNACVSS 3.19.9known since 2026-10-27
  • CNAweakness (CWE)CWE-22, CWE-427, CWE-73, CWE-94known since 2026-10-27
  • FIRST EPSSEPSS score0.7 %2026-11-03
  • OSVaffected packages—

Identifiers

  • EUVD-2026-23496same flawENISA EUVD · LicenseRef-ENISA-legal-notice
  • OESA-2026-2013advisory covering several CVEsopenEuler · LicenseRef-unstated
  • OESA-2026-2014advisory covering several CVEsopenEuler · LicenseRef-unstated
  • OESA-2026-2015advisory covering several CVEsopenEuler · LicenseRef-unstated
  • OESA-2026-2016advisory covering several CVEsopenEuler · LicenseRef-unstated
  • OESA-2026-2017advisory covering several CVEsopenEuler · LicenseRef-unstated

Technical details

CVSS v3 Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Published
2026-04-17
Last Modified
2026-10-26
NVD status
Analyzed

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2026-40342?

Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.

Is CVE-2026-40342 actively exploited?

Active exploitation of CVE-2026-40342 has not been confirmed. Its EPSS score was 0.7% on 2026-11-03, the estimated probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What is the CVSS score for CVE-2026-40342?

CVE-2026-40342 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.9 (CRITICAL severity), with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H.

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Sources for this record