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Public proof of conceptFix availableAwaiting NVD analysis

CVE-2026-118653

Echo: Rate Limiter Bypass via Spoofed X-Forwarded-For Header in Default Configuration

A public proof of concept exists; no exploitation attested.

  • Published2026-10-28
  • WeaknessCWE-290

Am I affected?

With a domain, we read the version its public headers and pages expose. A distribution build can carry the fix under an older number.

Description

Echo is a Go web framework. From 4.0.0 until 5.1.0, Context.RealIP falls back to client-supplied X-Forwarded-For or X-Real-IP values when Echo.IPExtractor is unset, and the default RateLimiter uses that result as its client identifier. A remote attacker can rotate arbitrary forwarded-address values to obtain new rate-limit buckets and bypass IP-based throttling used for controls such as brute-force or request-volume protection. This issue is fixed in Echo v5.1.0.

Timeline

dates in UTC
  1. 2026-10-2819:42CVE publishedCNA

Observed activity

isMalicious corpus · updated 2026-11-03 21:37 UTC
Indicators tagged with this CVE, per day0 indicators over 7 days
Block these indicators
  • Firewall list (EDL, text): https://api.ismalicious.com/edl/cve/CVE-2026-118653?format=txt
  • CSV export: https://api.ismalicious.com/edl/cve/CVE-2026-118653?format=csv
  • TAXII collection of exploited CVEs
  • The EDL and CSV take an API key on the Pro plan.

Versions per branch

OSV
labstack/echo
BranchAffectedFixed in
4.x≥ 4.0.0, ≤ 4.16.2no fix published
labstack/echo
BranchAffectedFixed in
5.1< 5.1.05.1.0

as publishedRanges as NVD and OSV publish them; a distribution’s build can be fixed under an older number.

Products declared by the CNA1 product

As GitHub_M, the CNA that assigned this CVE, declared them in the CVE record; versions as written.

  • labstack echo
    Affected
    • = >= 4.0.0, < 5.1.0no fix stated

Source: the CNA record (CVE Program), © The MITRE Corporation,CVE Terms of UseCVE recordupdated 2026-10-28

Distribution builds and vendor advisories

Packages from OSV.dev and products from the vendors' CSAF advisories.

version not verifiedVersions not verified: read as OSV.dev and the vendors publish them, not checked against each vendor's release list.

Packages

  • golang-github-labstack-echoUbuntu:26.10all versions · no fixed version listed
  • golang-github-labstack-echoUbuntu:26.04:LTSall versions · no fixed version listed
  • golang-github-labstack-echoUbuntu:24.04:LTSall versions · no fixed version listed
  • golang-github-labstack-echoUbuntu:22.04:LTSall versions · no fixed version listedand 2 other packages
  • golang-github-labstack-echoDebian:14all versions · no fixed version listed
  • golang-github-labstack-echoDebian:13all versions · no fixed version listed
  • golang-github-labstack-echoDebian:12all versions · no fixed version listed
  • golang-github-labstack-echo.v2Ubuntu:20.04:LTSall versions · no fixed version listedand 1 other package

2 more package ranges on OSV.dev

Full record on NVD

Fix

No fix published by the sources we read yet. NVD record

Detection

Nuclei template
none so far
ProjectDiscovery
Exploit-DB
no entry
Exploit-DB
Proof-of-concept repositories
none listed
PoC-in-GitHub
Metasploit modules
none listed
Metasploit Framework

Sources

Identifiers

Technical details

CVSS v3 Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Published
2026-10-28
Last Modified
2026-11-02
NVD status
Undergoing Analysis
GitHub Advisory
GHSA-246p-cpwv-v3jq

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2026-118653?

Echo is a Go web framework. From 4.0.0 until 5.1.0, Context.RealIP falls back to client-supplied X-Forwarded-For or X-Real-IP values when Echo.IPExtractor is unset, and the default RateLimiter uses that result as its client identifier. A remote attacker can rotate arbitrary forwarded-address values to obtain new rate-limit buckets and bypass IP-based throttling used for controls such as brute-force or request-volume protection. This issue is fixed in Echo v5.1.0.

Is CVE-2026-118653 actively exploited?

A proof-of-concept exploit exists for CVE-2026-118653, but active exploitation has not been confirmed at this time.

What is the CVSS score for CVE-2026-118653?

CVE-2026-118653 has a CVSS v3 base score of 5.3 (MEDIUM severity), with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N.

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Sources for this record