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HIGH

CVE-2026-0994

CVSS v3

7.5

HIGH

EPSS Score

0.7 %

exploit probability, as of 2026-10-19

CISA KEV

No

known exploited

Exploitation

—

SSVC status

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Affected and fixed versions

Packages from OSV.dev and products from the vendors' CSAF advisories.

version not verifiedVersions not verified: read as OSV.dev and the vendors publish them, not checked against each vendor's release list.

Packages

  • protobufPyPIall versions · fixed in 5.29.6
  • protobufAlmaLinux:10all versions · fixed in 3.19.6-15.el10_1and 5 other packages
  • protobufAlmaLinux:9all versions · fixed in 3.14.0-17.el9_7and 5 other packages

Vendor advisories

  • CVE-2026-0994 Red Hat Product Security448 products fixed

    python: protobuf: Protobuf: Denial of Service due to recursion depth bypass

  • RHSA-2026:61629 Red Hat Product Security1 product fixed

    Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2.2 (ROCm)

  • RHSA-2026:61627 Red Hat Product Security2 products fixed

    Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2.2 (CUDA)

  • RHSA-2026:16174 Red Hat Product Security3 products fixed

    Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3.3 (Spyre)

  • RHSA-2026:8748 Red Hat Product Security2 products fixed

    Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat AI Inference Server Model Optimization Tools 3.3.1 (CUDA)

  • RHSA-2026:8746 Red Hat Product Security2 products fixed

    Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3.1 (CUDA)

12 more advisories

Full record on NVD

Description

A denial-of-service (DoS) vulnerability exists in google.protobuf.json_format.ParseDict() in Python, where the max_recursion_depth limit can be bypassed when parsing nested google.protobuf.Any messages. Due to missing recursion depth accounting inside the internal Any-handling logic, an attacker can supply deeply nested Any structures that bypass the intended recursion limit, eventually exhausting Python’s recursion stack and causing a RecursionError.

Technical details

CVSS v3 Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Published
2026-01-23
Last Modified
2026-04-09

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2026-0994?

A denial-of-service (DoS) vulnerability exists in google.protobuf.json_format.ParseDict() in Python, where the max_recursion_depth limit can be bypassed when parsing nested google.protobuf.Any messages. Due to missing recursion depth accounting inside the internal Any-handling logic, an attacker can supply deeply nested Any structures that bypass the intended recursion limit, eventually exhausting Python’s recursion stack and causing a RecursionError.

Is CVE-2026-0994 actively exploited?

Active exploitation of CVE-2026-0994 has not been confirmed. Its EPSS score was 0.7% on 2026-10-19, the estimated probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What is the CVSS score for CVE-2026-0994?

CVE-2026-0994 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 (HIGH severity), with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.

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