HIGH

CVE-2019-5427

Q: What is CVE-2019-5427?

c3p0 version < 0.9.5.4 may be exploited by a billion laughs attack when loading XML configuration due to missing protections against recursive entity expansion when loading configuration.

Q: Is CVE-2019-5427 actively exploited?

Active exploitation of CVE-2019-5427 has not been confirmed. Its EPSS score was 4.9% on 2026-10-19, the estimated probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

Q: What is the CVSS score for CVE-2019-5427?

CVE-2019-5427 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 (HIGH severity).

CVSS v3

7.5

HIGH

EPSS Score

4.9 %

exploit probability, as of 2026-10-19

CISA KEV

known exploited

Exploitation

—

SSVC status

Get an alert for each new CVE published for c3p0.

Set up CVE WatchFree account · no credit card

Affected and fixed versions

Packages from OSV.dev and products from the vendors' CSAF advisories.

version not verifiedVersions not verified: read as OSV.dev and the vendors publish them, not checked against each vendor's release list.

Packages

com.mchange:c3p0Mavenall versions · fixed in 0.9.5.4

Vendor advisories

CVE-2019-5427 Red Hat Product Security1 product fixed · 8 known affected
c3p0: loading XML configuration leads to denial of service
c3p0 as a component of Red Hat BPM Suite 6 · c3p0 as a component of Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Web Server 2 · c3p0 as a component of Red Hat JBoss Fuse 6
RHSA-2020:0983 Red Hat Product Security1 product fixed
Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat Fuse 7.6.0 security update

Full record on NVD

Description

c3p0 version < 0.9.5.4 may be exploited by a billion laughs attack when loading XML configuration due to missing protections against recursive entity expansion when loading configuration.

Technical details

Published: 2019-04-22

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2019-5427?

c3p0 version < 0.9.5.4 may be exploited by a billion laughs attack when loading XML configuration due to missing protections against recursive entity expansion when loading configuration.

Is CVE-2019-5427 actively exploited?

Active exploitation of CVE-2019-5427 has not been confirmed. Its EPSS score was 4.9% on 2026-10-19, the estimated probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What is the CVSS score for CVE-2019-5427?

CVE-2019-5427 has a CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 (HIGH severity).

Running c3p0? Hear about its next vulnerability

CVE Watch matches each new CVE to the vendors and products you list (vendor and product, not the version) and puts it in your alerts with its KEV and EPSS status.

Get alerts for this product CISA KEV additions, October 2026 Search CVEs

Already have an account? Open CVE WatchNo credit card required · No monthly cap on website lookups · 250 API requests/month

Go further

Following what attackers exploit right now? The CISA KEV additions of the month, with their patch deadlines.
Running this software? CVE Watch alerts you to new vulnerabilities in your products.

Related vulnerabilities

Same product first, then the same vendor advisory and the same publication week.

Back to CVE Database