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ExploitedIn CISA KEVFix available

CVE-2012-0391

Exploitation confirmed. First attested on 2022-01-21 by CISA-ADP, CISA KEV, GCVE · kevintel.

  • Published2012-01-08
  • Fixed in2.2.3.1
  • WeaknessCWE-94

Am I affected?

With a domain, we read the version its public headers and pages expose. A distribution build can carry the fix under an older number.

Description

The ExceptionDelegator component in Apache Struts before 2.2.3.1 interprets parameter values as OGNL expressions during certain exception handling for mismatched data types of properties, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary Java code via a crafted parameter.

Timeline

dates in UTC
  1. 2012-01-0815:55CVE publishedNVD
  2. 2022-01-21Added to the CISA KEV catalogCISA KEV
  3. 2022-01-21Listed as exploited by GCVEGCVE
  4. 2022-01-21Exploitation first reportedCISA KEV
  5. 2025-02-1020:07SSVC exploitation set to activeCISA-ADP
  6. 2026-10-2319:23EPSS crossed 10 %FIRST EPSS

Observed activity

isMalicious corpus · updated 2026-10-23 18:48 UTC
Indicators tagged with this CVE, per day0 indicators over 7 days
Block these indicators
  • Firewall list (EDL, text): https://api.ismalicious.com/edl/cve/CVE-2012-0391?format=txt
  • CSV export: https://api.ismalicious.com/edl/cve/CVE-2012-0391?format=csv
  • TAXII collection of exploited CVEs
  • The EDL and CSV take an API key on the Pro plan.

Versions per branch

NVD
Apache struts
BranchAffectedFixed in
2.2< 2.2.3.12.2.3.1

as publishedRanges as NVD and OSV publish them; a distribution’s build can be fixed under an older number.

Fix

  1. Update Apache struts to 2.2.3.1
  2. CISA’s required action: Apply updates per vendor instructions.due 2022-07-21

Advisories and patches

Detection

read 2026-10-23 19:23 UTC
Nuclei template
none so far
ProjectDiscovery
Exploit-DB
EDB-18329EDB-18984
Exploit-DB
Proof-of-concept repositories
none listed
PoC-in-GitHub

CISA Known Exploited Vulnerability

Date Added
2022-01-21
Patch Due Date
2022-07-21
Ransomware Use
Unknown
Required Action
Apply updates per vendor instructions.

Sources

Technical details

CVSS v3 Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Published
2012-01-08
Last Modified
2026-06-16
NVD status
Analyzed

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2012-0391?

The ExceptionDelegator component in Apache Struts before 2.2.3.1 interprets parameter values as OGNL expressions during certain exception handling for mismatched data types of properties, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary Java code via a crafted parameter.

Is CVE-2012-0391 actively exploited?

Yes. CVE-2012-0391 is on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, meaning it has been confirmed as actively exploited in the wild. CISA requires federal agencies to patch by 2022-07-21.

What is the CVSS score for CVE-2012-0391?

CVE-2012-0391 has a CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 (CRITICAL severity), with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.

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